API ya JSON-RPC

Ili programu tumizi iweze kuingiliana na mnyororo wa vitalu wa Ethereum - iwe kwa kusoma data ya mnyororo wa vitalu au kutuma miamala kwenye mtandao - ni lazima iunganishwe kwenye nodi ya Ethereum.

Kwa madhumuni haya, kila kiteja cha Ethereum hutekeleza ubainifu wa JSON-RPC (opens in a new tab), kwa hivyo kuna seti sawa ya mbinu ambazo programu tumizi zinaweza kutegemea bila kujali utekelezaji maalum wa nodi au kiteja.

JSON-RPC (opens in a new tab) ni itifaki isiyo na hali, nyepesi ya wito wa utaratibu wa mbali (RPC). Inafafanua miundo kadhaa ya data na sheria zinazohusu uchakataji wake. Haitegemei njia ya usafirishaji kwa kuwa dhana zinaweza kutumika ndani ya mchakato huo huo, kupitia soketi, kupitia HTTP, au katika mazingira mengi mbalimbali ya kupitisha ujumbe. Inatumia JSON (RFC 4627) kama umbizo la data.

Utekelezaji wa viteja

Viteja vya Ethereum kila kimoja kinaweza kutumia lugha tofauti za programu wakati wa kutekeleza ubainifu wa JSON-RPC. Tazama nyaraka za kiteja binafsi kwa maelezo zaidi kuhusiana na lugha mahususi za programu. Tunapendekeza kuangalia nyaraka za kila kiteja kwa taarifa za hivi punde za usaidizi wa API.

Maktaba za Urahisishaji

Ingawa unaweza kuchagua kuingiliana moja kwa moja na viteja vya Ethereum kupitia API ya JSON-RPC, mara nyingi kuna chaguzi rahisi zaidi kwa watengenezaji wa programu tumizi zilizogatuliwa (dapp). Kuna maktaba nyingi za JavaScript na API za mandhari-nyuma ambazo zipo ili kutoa vifuniko juu ya API ya JSON-RPC. Kwa kutumia maktaba hizi, watengenezaji wanaweza kuandika mbinu angavu za mstari mmoja katika lugha ya programu wanayoichagua ili kuanzisha maombi ya JSON-RPC (kiufundi kwa ndani) ambayo huingiliana na Ethereum.

API za mteja wa mwafaka

Ukurasa huu unahusika zaidi na API ya JSON-RPC inayotumiwa na viteja vya utekelezaji vya Ethereum. Hata hivyo, wateja wa mwafaka pia wana API ya RPC inayoruhusu watumiaji kuuliza taarifa kuhusu nodi, kuomba vitalu vya Beacon, hali ya Beacon, na taarifa nyingine zinazohusiana na mwafaka moja kwa moja kutoka kwenye nodi. API hii imeandikwa kwenye ukurasa wa wavuti wa API ya Beacon (opens in a new tab).

API ya ndani pia inatumika kwa mawasiliano kati ya wateja ndani ya nodi - yaani, inawezesha mteja wa mwafaka na kiteja cha utekelezaji kubadilishana data. Hii inaitwa 'Engine API' na vipimo vyake vinapatikana kwenye GitHub (opens in a new tab).

Maelezo maalum ya kiteja cha utekelezaji

Soma maelezo maalum kamili ya API ya JSON-RPC kwenye GitHub (opens in a new tab). API hii imeandikwa kwenye ukurasa wa wavuti wa API ya Utekelezaji (opens in a new tab) na inajumuisha Kikaguzi ili kujaribu mbinu zote zinazopatikana.

Taratibu

Usimbaji wa thamani ya heksadesimali

Aina mbili kuu za data hupitishwa kupitia JSON: safu za baiti ambazo hazijapangiliwa na viasi. Zote mbili hupitishwa kwa usimbaji wa heksadesimali lakini zikiwa na mahitaji tofauti ya upangiliaji.

Viasi

Wakati wa kusimba viasi (nambari kamili, nambari): simba kama heksadesimali, anza na "0x", uwakilishi uliofinyana zaidi (ubaguzi mdogo: sifuri inapaswa kuwakilishwa kama "0x0").

Hapa kuna baadhi ya mifano:

• 0x41 (65 katika desimali)
• 0x400 (1024 katika desimali)
• KOSA: 0x (inapaswa kuwa na angalau tarakimu moja kila wakati - sifuri ni "0x0")
• KOSA: 0x0400 (sifuri za kuongoza haziruhusiwi)
• KOSA: ff (lazima ianze na 0x)

Data isiyopangiliwa

Wakati wa kusimba data isiyopangiliwa (safu za baiti, anwani za akaunti, heshi, safu za msimbo wa baiti): simba kama heksadesimali, anza na "0x", tarakimu mbili za heksadesimali kwa kila baiti.

Hapa kuna baadhi ya mifano:

• 0x41 (ukubwa 1, "A")
• 0x004200 (ukubwa 3, "0B0")
• 0x (ukubwa 0, "")
• KOSA: 0xf0f0f (lazima iwe nambari shufwa ya tarakimu)
• KOSA: 004200 (lazima ianze na 0x)

Kigezo cha kitalu

Mbinu zifuatazo zina kigezo cha kitalu:

• eth_getBalance
• eth_getCode
• eth_getTransactionCount
• eth_getStorageAt
• eth_call

Wakati maombi yanapofanywa ambayo yanahoji hali ya Ethereum, kigezo cha kitalu kilichotolewa huamua urefu wa kitalu.

Chaguzi zifuatazo zinawezekana kwa kigezo cha kitalu:

• HEX String - nambari kamili ya kitalu
• String "earliest" kwa kitalu cha mapema zaidi/kitalu cha asili
• String "latest" - kwa kitalu cha hivi punde kilichopendekezwa
• String "safe" - kwa kitalu cha hivi punde salama cha kichwa
• String "finalized" - kwa kitalu cha hivi punde kilichokamilishwa
• String "pending" - kwa hali/miamala inayosubiri

Mifano

Katika ukurasa huu tunatoa mifano ya jinsi ya kutumia ncha binafsi za API ya JSON_RPC kwa kutumia zana ya mstari wa amri, curl (opens in a new tab). Mifano hii ya ncha binafsi inapatikana hapa chini katika sehemu ya Mifano ya Curl. Zaidi chini ya ukurasa, pia tunatoa mfano wa mwanzo hadi mwisho kwa ajili ya kukusanya na kusambaza mkataba mahiri kwa kutumia nodi ya Geth, API ya JSON_RPC na curl.

Mifano ya Curl

Mifano ya kutumia API ya JSON_RPC kwa kufanya maombi ya curl (opens in a new tab) kwenye nodi ya Ethereum imetolewa hapa chini. Kila mfano unajumuisha maelezo ya sehemu ya mwisho maalum, vigezo vyake, aina ya kurejesha, na mfano wa vitendo wa jinsi inavyopaswa kutumika.

Maombi ya curl yanaweza kurejesha ujumbe wa hitilafu unaohusiana na aina ya maudhui. Hii ni kwa sababu chaguo la --data huweka aina ya maudhui kuwa application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Ikiwa nodi yako inalalamika kuhusu hili, weka kichwa wewe mwenyewe kwa kuweka -H "Content-Type: application/json" mwanzoni mwa mwito. Mifano pia haijumuishi mchanganyiko wa URL/IP na lango ambayo lazima iwe hoja ya mwisho inayotolewa kwa curl (k.m., 127.0.0.1:8545). Ombi kamili la curl linalojumuisha data hizi za ziada huchukua muundo ufuatao:

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"web3_clientVersion","params":[],"id":67}' 127.0.0.1:8545

Gossip, Hali, Historia

Baadhi ya mbinu kuu za JSON-RPC zinahitaji data kutoka kwenye mtandao wa Ethereum, na zinaangukia vizuri katika makundi makuu matatu: Gossip, Hali, na Historia. Tumia viungo katika sehemu hizi kuruka hadi kwenye kila mbinu, au tumia yaliyomo kuchunguza orodha nzima ya mbinu.

Mbinu za Gossip

Mbinu hizi hufuatilia kichwa cha mnyororo. Hivi ndivyo miamala inavyosambaa kwenye mtandao, inavyoingia kwenye vitalu, na jinsi wateja wanavyopata taarifa kuhusu vitalu vipya.

• eth_blockNumber
• eth_sendRawTransaction

Mbinu za Hali

Mbinu zinazoripoti hali ya sasa ya data zote zilizohifadhiwa. "Hali" ni kama kipande kimoja kikubwa cha RAM kinachoshirikiwa, na inajumuisha salio la akaunti, data za mkataba, na makadirio ya gesi.

• eth_getBalance
• eth_getStorageAt
• eth_getTransactionCount
• eth_getCode
• eth_call
• eth_estimateGas

Mbinu za Historia

Huchukua rekodi za kihistoria za kila kitalu kurudi nyuma hadi asili. Hili ni kama faili moja kubwa la kuongeza pekee, na linajumuisha vichwa vyote vya vitalu, miili ya vitalu, vitalu vya mjomba, na stakabadhi za miamala.

• eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash
• eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber
• eth_getUncleCountByBlockHash
• eth_getUncleCountByBlockNumber
• eth_getBlockByHash
• eth_getBlockByNumber
• eth_getTransactionByHash
• eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex
• eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex
• eth_getTransactionReceipt
• eth_getUncleByBlockHashAndIndex
• eth_getUncleByBlockNumberAndIndex

Uwanja wa Majaribio wa API ya JSON-RPC

Unaweza kutumia zana ya uwanja wa majaribio (opens in a new tab) kugundua na kujaribu mbinu za API. Pia inakuonyesha ni mbinu na mitandao ipi inayoungwa mkono na watoa huduma mbalimbali wa nodi.

Mbinu za API ya JSON-RPC

web3_clientVersion

Hurejesha toleo la sasa la kiteja.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

String - Toleo la sasa la kiteja

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"web3_clientVersion","params":[],"id":67}'
// Result
{
  "id":67,
  "jsonrpc":"2.0",
  "result": "Geth/v1.12.1-stable/linux-amd64/go1.19.1"
}

web3_sha3

Inarejesha Keccak-256 (sio SHA3-256 iliyosanifiwa) ya data iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. DATA - Data ya kubadilisha kuwa heshi ya SHA3

params: ["0x68656c6c6f20776f726c64"]

Inarejesha

DATA - Tokeo la SHA3 la mfuatano uliotolewa.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"web3_sha3","params":["0x68656c6c6f20776f726c64"],"id":64}'
// Result
{
  "id":64,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x47173285a8d7341e5e972fc677286384f802f8ef42a5ec5f03bbfa254cb01fad"
}

net_version

Hurejesha kitambulisho cha mtandao cha sasa.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

String - Kitambulisho cha mtandao cha sasa.

Orodha kamili ya vitambulisho vya mtandao vya sasa inapatikana kwenye chainlist.org (opens in a new tab). Baadhi ya vile vya kawaida ni:

• 1: Mtandao Mkuu wa Ethereum
• 11155111: Mtandao wa majaribio wa Sepolia
• 560048 : Mtandao wa majaribio wa Hoodi

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"net_version","params":[],"id":67}'
// Result
{
  "id":67,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "3"
}

net_listening

Inarudisha true ikiwa kiteja kinasikiliza kikamilifu miunganisho ya mtandao.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Inarudisha

Boolean - true inaposikiliza, vinginevyo false.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"net_listening","params":[],"id":67}'
// Result
{
  "id":67,
  "jsonrpc":"2.0",
  "result":true
}

net_peerCount

Hurejesha idadi ya rika zilizounganishwa kwa sasa kwenye kiteja.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya idadi ya rika zilizounganishwa.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"net_peerCount","params":[],"id":74}'
// Result
{
  "id":74,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x2" // 2
}

eth_protocolVersion

Hurejesha toleo la sasa la itifaki ya Ethereum. Kumbuka kwamba mbinu hii haipatikani katika Geth (opens in a new tab).

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

String - Toleo la sasa la itifaki ya Ethereum

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_protocolVersion","params":[],"id":67}'
// Result
{
  "id":67,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "54"
}

eth_syncing

Hurejesha kipengee chenye data kuhusu hali ya usawazishaji au false.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

Data kamili inayorejeshwa inatofautiana kati ya utekelezaji wa kiteja. Wateja wote hurejesha False wakati nodi haisawazishi, na wateja wote hurejesha nyanja zifuatazo.

Object|Boolean, Kipengee chenye data ya hali ya usawazishaji au FALSE, wakati haisawazishi:

• startingBlock: QUANTITY - Kitalu ambacho uingizaji ulianzia (itawekwa upya tu, baada ya usawazishaji kufikia kilele chake)
• currentBlock: QUANTITY - Kitalu cha sasa, sawa na eth_blockNumber
• highestBlock: QUANTITY - Kitalu cha juu zaidi kinachokadiriwa

Hata hivyo, wateja binafsi wanaweza pia kutoa data ya ziada. Kwa mfano Geth hurejesha yafuatayo:

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "currentBlock": "0x3cf522",
    "healedBytecodeBytes": "0x0",
    "healedBytecodes": "0x0",
    "healedTrienodes": "0x0",
    "healingBytecode": "0x0",
    "healingTrienodes": "0x0",
    "highestBlock": "0x3e0e41",
    "startingBlock": "0x3cbed5",
    "syncedAccountBytes": "0x0",
    "syncedAccounts": "0x0",
    "syncedBytecodeBytes": "0x0",
    "syncedBytecodes": "0x0",
    "syncedStorage": "0x0",
    "syncedStorageBytes": "0x0"
  }
}

Wakati Besu hurejesha:

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 51,
  "result": {
    "startingBlock": "0x0",
    "currentBlock": "0x1518",
    "highestBlock": "0x9567a3",
    "pulledStates": "0x203ca",
    "knownStates": "0x200636"
  }
}

Rejelea nyaraka za kiteja chako mahususi kwa maelezo zaidi.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_syncing","params":[],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    startingBlock: '0x384',
    currentBlock: '0x386',
    highestBlock: '0x454'
  }
}
// Or when not syncing
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": false
}

eth_coinbase

Inarejesha anwani ya coinbase ya kiteja.

Kumbuka: Mbinu hii imeachwa kutumika kuanzia v1.14.0 na haitumiki tena. Kujaribu kutumia mbinu hii kutasababisha hitilafu ya "Method not supported".

Vigezo

Hakuna

Inarejesha

DATA, baiti 20 - anwani ya sasa ya coinbase.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_coinbase","params":[],"id":64}'
// Result
{
  "id":64,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x407d73d8a49eeb85d32cf465507dd71d507100c1"
}

eth_chainId

Hurejesha kitambulisho cha mnyororo kinachotumika kusaini miamala iliyolindwa dhidi ya marudio.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

chainId, thamani ya heksadesimali kama tungo inayowakilisha nambari kamili ya kitambulisho cha mnyororo cha sasa.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_chainId","params":[],"id":67}'
// Result
{
  "id":67,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x1"
}

eth_mining

Inarudisha true ikiwa kiteja kinachimba vitalu vipya kikamilifu. Hii inaweza tu kurudisha true kwa mitandao ya Uthibitisho wa Kazi (PoW) na inaweza isipatikane katika baadhi ya viteja tangu Unganisho.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Inarudisha

Boolean - inarudisha true ikiwa kiteja kinachimba, vinginevyo false.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_mining","params":[],"id":71}'
//
{
  "id":71,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": true
}

eth_hashrate

Inarejesha idadi ya heshi kwa sekunde ambazo nodi inatumia kuchimba. Hii inaweza tu kurejesha true kwa mitandao ya Uthibitisho wa Kazi (PoW) na inaweza isipatikane katika baadhi ya viteja tangu Unganisho.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Inarejesha

QUANTITY - idadi ya heshi kwa sekunde.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_hashrate","params":[],"id":71}'
// Result
{
  "id":71,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x38a"
}

eth_gasPrice

Hurejesha makadirio ya bei ya sasa kwa kila gesi katika Wei. Kwa mfano, kiteja cha Besu huchunguza vitalu 100 vya mwisho na kurejesha bei ya wastani ya uniti ya gesi kwa chaguo-msingi.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya bei ya sasa ya gesi katika Wei.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_gasPrice","params":[],"id":73}'
// Result
{
  "id":73,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x1dfd14000" // 8049999872 Wei
}

eth_accounts

Hurejesha orodha ya anwani zinazomilikiwa na kiteja.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Hurejesha

Array of DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani zinazomilikiwa na kiteja.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_accounts","params":[],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": ["0x407d73d8a49eeb85d32cf465507dd71d507100c1"]
}

eth_blockNumber

Inarejesha nambari ya kitalu cha hivi karibuni zaidi.

Vigezo

Hakuna

Inarejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya nambari ya kitalu cha sasa ambacho kiteja kipo.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_blockNumber","params":[],"id":83}'
// Result
{
  "id":83,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x4b7" // 1207
}

eth_getBalance

Inarejesha salio la akaunti kwenye anwani iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ya kuangalia salio.
2. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya kitalu, au mfuatano "latest", "earliest", "pending", "safe", au "finalized", tazama kigezo cha kitalu

params: ["0x407d73d8a49eeb85d32cf465507dd71d507100c1", "latest"]

Inarejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya salio la sasa katika Wei.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getBalance","params":["0x407d73d8a49eeb85d32cf465507dd71d507100c1", "latest"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x0234c8a3397aab58" // 158972490234375000
}

eth_getStorageAt

Inarejesha thamani kutoka kwenye nafasi ya hifadhi katika anwani iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ya hifadhi.
2. QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya nafasi katika hifadhi.
3. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya kitalu, au mfuatano "latest", "earliest", "pending", "safe", "finalized", tazama kigezo cha kitalu

Inarejesha

DATA - thamani katika nafasi hii ya hifadhi.

Mfano Kukokotoa nafasi sahihi kunategemea hifadhi itakayorejeshwa. Fikiria mkataba ufuatao uliosambazwa kwenye 0x295a70b2de5e3953354a6a8344e616ed314d7251 na anwani 0x391694e7e0b0cce554cb130d723a9d27458f9298.

contract Storage {
    uint pos0;
    mapping(address => uint) pos1;
    constructor() {
        pos0 = 1234;
        pos1[msg.sender] = 5678;
    }
}

Kurejesha thamani ya pos0 ni rahisi:

curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "eth_getStorageAt", "params": ["0x295a70b2de5e3953354a6a8344e616ed314d7251", "0x0", "latest"], "id": 1}' localhost:8545
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"result":"0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004d2"}

Kurejesha kipengele cha ramani ni kugumu zaidi. Nafasi ya kipengele katika ramani inakokotolewa kwa:

keccak(LeftPad32(key, 0), LeftPad32(map position, 0))

Hii inamaanisha ili kurejesha hifadhi kwenye pos1["0x391694e7e0b0cce554cb130d723a9d27458f9298"] tunahitaji kukokotoa nafasi kwa:

keccak(
  decodeHex(
    "000000000000000000000000391694e7e0b0cce554cb130d723a9d27458f9298" +
      "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001"
  )
)

Console ya geth inayokuja na maktaba ya Web3 inaweza kutumika kufanya mkokotoo:

> var key = "000000000000000000000000391694e7e0b0cce554cb130d723a9d27458f9298" + "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001"
undefined
> web3.sha3(key, {"encoding": "hex"})
"0x6661e9d6d8b923d5bbaab1b96e1dd51ff6ea2a93520fdc9eb75d059238b8c5e9"

Sasa ili kupata hifadhi:

curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "eth_getStorageAt", "params": ["0x295a70b2de5e3953354a6a8344e616ed314d7251", "0x6661e9d6d8b923d5bbaab1b96e1dd51ff6ea2a93520fdc9eb75d059238b8c5e9", "latest"], "id": 1}' localhost:8545
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"result":"0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000162e"}

eth_getTransactionCount

Inarudisha idadi ya miamala iliyotumwa kutoka kwenye anwani.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani.
2. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya kitalu, au mfuatano "latest", "earliest", "pending", "safe" au "finalized", tazama kigezo cha kitalu

params: [
  "0x407d73d8a49eeb85d32cf465507dd71d507100c1",
  "latest", // state at the latest block
]

Inarudisha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya idadi ya miamala iliyotumwa kutoka kwenye anwani hii.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getTransactionCount","params":["0x407d73d8a49eeb85d32cf465507dd71d507100c1","latest"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x1" // 1
}

eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash

Hurejesha idadi ya miamala katika kitalu kutoka kwenye kitalu kinacholingana na heshi ya kitalu iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu

params: ["0xd03ededb7415d22ae8bac30f96b2d1de83119632693b963642318d87d1bece5b"]

Hurejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya idadi ya miamala katika kitalu hiki.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash","params":["0xd03ededb7415d22ae8bac30f96b2d1de83119632693b963642318d87d1bece5b"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x8b" // 139
}

eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber

Hurejesha idadi ya miamala katika kitalu kinacholingana na nambari ya kitalu iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya nambari ya kitalu, au mfuatano "earliest", "latest", "pending", "safe" au "finalized", kama ilivyo katika kigezo cha kitalu.

params: [
  "0x13738ca", // 20396234
]

Hurejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya idadi ya miamala katika kitalu hiki.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber","params":["0x13738ca"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x8b" // 139
}

eth_getUncleCountByBlockHash

Hurejesha idadi ya wajomba katika kitalu kutoka kwenye kitalu kinacholingana na heshi ya kitalu iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu

params: ["0x1d59ff54b1eb26b013ce3cb5fc9dab3705b415a67127a003c3e61eb445bb8df2"]

Hurejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya idadi ya wajomba katika kitalu hiki.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getUncleCountByBlockHash","params":["0x1d59ff54b1eb26b013ce3cb5fc9dab3705b415a67127a003c3e61eb445bb8df2"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x1" // 1
}

eth_getUncleCountByBlockNumber

Hurejesha idadi ya wajomba katika kitalu kutoka kwenye kitalu kinacholingana na nambari ya kitalu iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya nambari ya kitalu, au tungo "latest", "earliest", "pending", "safe" au "finalized", tazama kigezo cha kitalu

params: [
  "0xe8", // 232
]

Hurejesha

QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya idadi ya wajomba katika kitalu hiki.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getUncleCountByBlockNumber","params":["0xe8"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x0" // 0
}

eth_getCode

Hurejesha msimbo kwenye anwani iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani
2. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya kitalu, au mfuatano "latest", "earliest", "pending", "safe" au "finalized", tazama kigezo cha kitalu

params: [
  "0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2",
  "0x5daf3b", // 6139707
]

Inayorejeshwa

DATA - msimbo kutoka kwa anwani iliyotolewa.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getCode","params":["0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2", "0x5daf3b"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "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"
}

eth_sign

Mbinu ya sign hukokotoa sahihi mahususi ya Ethereum kwa kutumia: sign(keccak256("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n" + len(message) + message))).

Kuongeza kiambishi awali kwenye ujumbe hufanya sahihi iliyokokotolewa itambulike kama sahihi mahususi ya Ethereum. Hii huzuia matumizi mabaya ambapo programu tumizi iliyogatuliwa (dapp) hasidi inaweza kusaini data yoyote (k.m., muamala) na kutumia sahihi hiyo kujifanya kuwa mwathiriwa.

Kumbuka: anwani ya kusaini nayo lazima iwe imefunguliwa.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani
2. DATA, Baiti N - ujumbe wa kusaini

Inarejesha

DATA: Sahihi

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_sign","params":["0x9b2055d370f73ec7d8a03e965129118dc8f5bf83", "0xdeadbeaf"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0xa3f20717a250c2b0b729b7e5becbff67fdaef7e0699da4de7ca5895b02a170a12d887fd3b17bfdce3481f10bea41f45ba9f709d39ce8325427b57afcfc994cee1b"
}

eth_signTransaction

Inasaini muamala unaoweza kuwasilishwa kwenye mtandao baadaye kwa kutumia eth_sendRawTransaction.

Vigezo

1. Object - Kipengee cha muamala

• type:
• from: DATA, Baiti 20 - Anwani ambayo muamala unatoka.
• to: DATA, Baiti 20 - (si lazima wakati wa kuunda mkataba mpya) Anwani ambayo muamala unaelekezwa.
• gas: QUANTITY - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: 90000) Nambari kamili ya gesi iliyotolewa kwa ajili ya utekelezaji wa muamala. Itarejesha gesi ambayo haijatumika.
• gasPrice: QUANTITY - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: Itaamuliwa-Baadaye) Nambari kamili ya gasPrice inayotumika kwa kila gesi iliyolipiwa, katika Wei.
• value: QUANTITY - (si lazima) Nambari kamili ya thamani iliyotumwa na muamala huu, katika Wei.
• data: DATA - Msimbo uliokusanywa wa mkataba AU heshi ya sahihi ya mbinu iliyoombwa na vigezo vilivyosimbwa.
• nonce: QUANTITY - (si lazima) Nambari kamili ya nonsi. Hii inaruhusu kufuta na kuandika upya miamala yako inayosubiri inayotumia nonsi sawa.

Inarejesha

DATA, Kipengee cha muamala kilichosimbwa kwa RLP kilichosainiwa na akaunti iliyobainishwa.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"id": 1,"jsonrpc": "2.0","method": "eth_signTransaction","params": [{"data":"0xd46e8dd67c5d32be8d46e8dd67c5d32be8058bb8eb970870f072445675058bb8eb970870f072445675","from": "0xb60e8dd61c5d32be8058bb8eb970870f07233155","gas": "0x76c0","gasPrice": "0x9184e72a000","to": "0xd46e8dd67c5d32be8058bb8eb970870f07244567","value": "0x9184e72a"}]}'
// Result
{
    "id": 1,
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": "0xa3f20717a250c2b0b729b7e5becbff67fdaef7e0699da4de7ca5895b02a170a12d887fd3b17bfdce3481f10bea41f45ba9f709d39ce8325427b57afcfc994cee1b"
}

eth_sendTransaction

Hutengeneza muamala mpya wa mwito wa ujumbe au uundaji wa mkataba, ikiwa sehemu ya data ina msimbo, na kuusaini kwa kutumia akaunti iliyobainishwa katika from.

Vigezo

1. Object - Kipengee cha muamala

• from: DATA, Baiti 20 - Anwani ambayo muamala unatoka.
• to: DATA, Baiti 20 - (si lazima wakati wa kuunda mkataba mpya) Anwani ambayo muamala unaelekezwa.
• gas: QUANTITY - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: 90000) Nambari kamili ya gesi iliyotolewa kwa ajili ya utekelezaji wa muamala. Itarejesha gesi ambayo haijatumika.
• gasPrice: QUANTITY - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: Itaamuliwa-Baadaye) Nambari kamili ya bei ya gesi (gasPrice) inayotumika kwa kila gesi iliyolipwa.
• value: QUANTITY - (si lazima) Nambari kamili ya thamani iliyotumwa na muamala huu.
• input: DATA - Msimbo uliokusanywa wa mkataba AU heshi ya sahihi ya mbinu iliyoombwa na vigezo vilivyosimbwa.
• nonce: QUANTITY - (si lazima) Nambari kamili ya nonsi. Hii inaruhusu kufuta na kuandika upya miamala yako inayosubiri ambayo inatumia nonsi sawa.

params: [
  {
    from: "0xb60e8dd61c5d32be8058bb8eb970870f07233155",
    to: "0xd46e8dd67c5d32be8058bb8eb970870f07244567",
    gas: "0x76c0", // 30400
    gasPrice: "0x9184e72a000", // 10000000000000
    value: "0x9184e72a", // 2441406250
    input:
      "0xd46e8dd67c5d32be8d46e8dd67c5d32be8058bb8eb970870f072445675058bb8eb970870f072445675",
  },
]

Inarejesha

DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya muamala, au heshi sifuri ikiwa muamala bado haupatikani.

Tumia eth_getTransactionReceipt kupata anwani ya mkataba, baada ya muamala kupendekezwa katika kitalu, wakati ulipounda mkataba.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_sendTransaction","params":[{see above}],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0xe670ec64341771606e55d6b4ca35a1a6b75ee3d5145a99d05921026d1527331"
}

eth_sendRawTransaction

Huunda muamala mpya wa mwito wa ujumbe au uundaji mkataba kwa miamala iliyosainiwa.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Data ya muamala iliyosainiwa.

params: [
  "0xd46e8dd67c5d32be8d46e8dd67c5d32be8058bb8eb970870f072445675058bb8eb970870f072445675",
]

Inarejesha

DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya muamala, au heshi sifuri ikiwa muamala bado haupatikani.

Tumia eth_getTransactionReceipt kupata anwani ya mkataba, baada ya muamala kupendekezwa kwenye kitalu, ulipounda mkataba.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_sendRawTransaction","params":[{see above}],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0xe670ec64341771606e55d6b4ca35a1a6b75ee3d5145a99d05921026d1527331"
}

eth_call

Hutekeleza mwito wa ujumbe mpya mara moja bila kuunda muamala kwenye mnyororo wa vitalu. Mara nyingi hutumika kutekeleza vitendaji vya kusoma tu vya mkataba mahiri, kwa mfano balanceOf kwa mkataba wa ERC-20.

Vigezo

1. Object - Kipengee cha mwito wa muamala

• from: DATA, Baiti 20 - (si lazima) Anwani ambayo muamala unatoka.
• to: DATA, Baiti 20 - Anwani ambayo muamala unaelekezwa.
• gas: QUANTITY - (si lazima) Nambari kamili ya gesi iliyotolewa kwa ajili ya utekelezaji wa muamala. eth_call hutumia gesi sifuri, lakini kigezo hiki kinaweza kuhitajika na baadhi ya utekelezaji.
• gasPrice: QUANTITY - (si lazima) Nambari kamili ya bei ya gesi inayotumika kwa kila gesi iliyolipiwa
• value: QUANTITY - (si lazima) Nambari kamili ya thamani iliyotumwa na muamala huu
• input: DATA - (si lazima) Heshi ya sahihi ya mbinu na vigezo vilivyosimbwa. Kwa maelezo zaidi tazama ABI ya Mkataba wa Ethereum katika nyaraka za Solidity (opens in a new tab).

2. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya kitalu, au mfuatano "latest", "earliest", "pending", "safe" au "finalized", tazama kigezo cha kitalu

Inarejesha

DATA - thamani iliyorejeshwa ya mkataba uliotekelezwa.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_call","params":[{see above}],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x"
}

eth_estimateGas

Inazalisha na kurudisha makadirio ya kiasi gani cha gesi kinahitajika ili kuruhusu muamala kukamilika. Muamala hautaongezwa kwenye mnyororo wa vitalu. Kumbuka kwamba makadirio yanaweza kuwa makubwa zaidi kuliko kiasi cha gesi kilichotumiwa hasa na muamala, kwa sababu mbalimbali ikiwa ni pamoja na mitambo ya EVM na utendaji wa nodi.

Vigezo

Tazama vigezo vya eth_call, isipokuwa kwamba sifa zote ni za hiari. Ikiwa hakuna kikomo cha gesi kilichobainishwa geth hutumia kikomo cha gesi cha kitalu kutoka kwenye kitalu kinachosubiri kama kikomo cha juu. Kutokana na hili, makadirio yaliyorejeshwa yanaweza yasiwe ya kutosha kutekeleza mwito/muamala wakati kiasi cha gesi ni kikubwa kuliko kikomo cha gesi cha kitalu kinachosubiri.

Inarejesha

QUANTITY - kiasi cha gesi kilichotumika.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_estimateGas","params":[{see above}],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x5208" // 21000
}

eth_getBlockByHash

Inarudisha taarifa kuhusu kitalu kwa heshi.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 32 - Heshi ya kitalu.
2. Boolean - Ikiwa true inarudisha vipengee kamili vya muamala, ikiwa false inarudisha tu heshi za miamala.

params: [
  "0xdc0818cf78f21a8e70579cb46a43643f78291264dda342ae31049421c82d21ae",
  false,
]

Inarudisha

Object - Kipengee cha kitalu, au null wakati hakuna kitalu kilichopatikana:

• number: QUANTITY - nambari ya kitalu. null wakati ni kitalu kinachosubiri.
• hash: DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu. null wakati ni kitalu kinachosubiri.
• parentHash: DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu mzazi.
• nonce: DATA, Baiti 8 - heshi ya Uthibitisho wa Kazi (PoW) iliyozalishwa. null wakati ni kitalu kinachosubiri, 0x0 kwa vitalu vya Uthibitisho wa Dau (PoS) (tangu Unganisho)
• sha3Uncles: DATA, Baiti 32 - SHA3 ya data za wajomba (uncles) katika kitalu.
• logsBloom: DATA, Baiti 256 - kichujio cha bloom kwa logi za kitalu. null wakati ni kitalu kinachosubiri.
• transactionsRoot: DATA, Baiti 32 - mzizi wa trie ya muamala ya kitalu.
• stateRoot: DATA, Baiti 32 - mzizi wa trie ya hali ya mwisho ya kitalu.
• receiptsRoot: DATA, Baiti 32 - mzizi wa trie ya stakabadhi ya kitalu.
• miner: DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ya mnufaika ambaye alipewa tuzo za kitalu.
• difficulty: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya ugumu kwa kitalu hiki.
• totalDifficulty: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya jumla ya ugumu wa mnyororo hadi kitalu hiki.
• extraData: DATA - uwanja wa "data ya ziada" wa kitalu hiki.
• size: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya ukubwa wa kitalu hiki katika baiti.
• gasLimit: QUANTITY - kiwango cha juu cha gesi kinachoruhusiwa katika kitalu hiki.
• gasUsed: QUANTITY - jumla ya gesi iliyotumika na miamala yote katika kitalu hiki.
• timestamp: QUANTITY - muhuri wa muda wa unix wa wakati kitalu kilipokusanywa.
• transactions: Array - Safu ya vipengee vya muamala, au heshi za muamala za Baiti 32 kulingana na kigezo cha mwisho kilichotolewa.
• uncles: Array - Safu ya heshi za wajomba (uncles).

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getBlockByHash","params":["0xdc0818cf78f21a8e70579cb46a43643f78291264dda342ae31049421c82d21ae", false],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "difficulty": "0x4ea3f27bc",
    "extraData": "0x476574682f4c5649562f76312e302e302f6c696e75782f676f312e342e32",
    "gasLimit": "0x1388",
    "gasUsed": "0x0",
    "hash": "0xdc0818cf78f21a8e70579cb46a43643f78291264dda342ae31049421c82d21ae",
    "logsBloom": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "miner": "0xbb7b8287f3f0a933474a79eae42cbca977791171",
    "mixHash": "0x4fffe9ae21f1c9e15207b1f472d5bbdd68c9595d461666602f2be20daf5e7843",
    "nonce": "0x689056015818adbe",
    "number": "0x1b4",
    "parentHash": "0xe99e022112df268087ea7eafaf4790497fd21dbeeb6bd7a1721df161a6657a54",
    "receiptsRoot": "0x56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421",
    "sha3Uncles": "0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347",
    "size": "0x220",
    "stateRoot": "0xddc8b0234c2e0cad087c8b389aa7ef01f7d79b2570bccb77ce48648aa61c904d",
    "timestamp": "0x55ba467c",
    "totalDifficulty": "0x78ed983323d",
    "transactions": [
    ],
    "transactionsRoot": "0x56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421",
    "uncles": [
    ]
  }
}

eth_getBlockByNumber

Hurejesha taarifa kuhusu kitalu kwa nambari ya kitalu.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari kamili ya nambari ya kitalu, au tungo "earliest", "latest", "pending", "safe" au "finalized", kama ilivyo katika kigezo cha kitalu.
2. Boolean - Ikiwa ni true hurejesha vipengee kamili vya muamala, ikiwa ni false hurejesha tu heshi za miamala.

params: [
  "0x1b4", // 436
  true,
]

Hurejesha Tazama eth_getBlockByHash

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getBlockByNumber","params":["0x1b4", true],"id":1}'

Matokeo tazama eth_getBlockByHash

eth_getTransactionByHash

Inarudisha taarifa kuhusu muamala ulioombwa kwa heshi ya muamala.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya muamala

params: ["0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b"]

Inarudisha

Object - Kipengee cha muamala, au null wakati hakuna muamala uliopatikana:

• blockHash: DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu ambapo muamala huu ulikuwemo. null wakati inasubiri.
• blockNumber: QUANTITY - nambari ya kitalu ambapo muamala huu ulikuwemo. null wakati inasubiri.
• from: DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ya mtumaji.
• gas: QUANTITY - gesi iliyotolewa na mtumaji.
• gasPrice: QUANTITY - bei ya gesi iliyotolewa na mtumaji katika Wei.
• hash: DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya muamala.
• input: DATA - data iliyotumwa pamoja na muamala.
• nonce: QUANTITY - idadi ya miamala iliyofanywa na mtumaji kabla ya huu.
• to: DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ya mpokeaji. null wakati ni muamala wa uundaji mkataba.
• transactionIndex: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya nafasi ya faharisi ya miamala katika kitalu. null wakati inasubiri.
• value: QUANTITY - thamani iliyohamishwa katika Wei.
• v: QUANTITY - kitambulisho cha urejeshaji cha ECDSA
• r: QUANTITY - sahihi ya ECDSA r
• s: QUANTITY - sahihi ya ECDSA s

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getTransactionByHash","params":["0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "jsonrpc":"2.0",
  "id":1,
  "result":{
    "blockHash":"0x1d59ff54b1eb26b013ce3cb5fc9dab3705b415a67127a003c3e61eb445bb8df2",
    "blockNumber":"0x5daf3b", // 6139707
    "from":"0xa7d9ddbe1f17865597fbd27ec712455208b6b76d",
    "gas":"0xc350", // 50000
    "gasPrice":"0x4a817c800", // 20000000000
    "hash":"0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b",
    "input":"0x68656c6c6f21",
    "nonce":"0x15", // 21
    "to":"0xf02c1c8e6114b1dbe8937a39260b5b0a374432bb",
    "transactionIndex":"0x41", // 65
    "value":"0xf3dbb76162000", // 4290000000000000
    "v":"0x25", // 37
    "r":"0x1b5e176d927f8e9ab405058b2d2457392da3e20f328b16ddabcebc33eaac5fea",
    "s":"0x4ba69724e8f69de52f0125ad8b3c5c2cef33019bac3249e2c0a2192766d1721c"
  }
}

eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex

Inarejesha taarifa kuhusu muamala kwa heshi ya kitalu na nafasi ya faharisi ya muamala.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu.
2. QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya nafasi ya faharisi ya muamala.

params: [
  "0x1d59ff54b1eb26b013ce3cb5fc9dab3705b415a67127a003c3e61eb445bb8df2",
  "0x0", // 0
]

Inarejesha Tazama eth_getTransactionByHash

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex","params":["0x1d59ff54b1eb26b013ce3cb5fc9dab3705b415a67127a003c3e61eb445bb8df2", "0x0"],"id":1}'

Matokeo tazama eth_getTransactionByHash

eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex

Hurejesha maelezo kuhusu muamala kwa nambari ya kitalu na nafasi ya faharisi ya muamala.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari ya kitalu, au mfuatano "earliest", "latest", "pending", "safe" au "finalized", kama ilivyo katika kigezo cha kitalu.
2. QUANTITY - nafasi ya faharisi ya muamala.

params: [
  "0x9c47cf", // 10241999
  "0x24", // 36
]

Hurejesha Tazama eth_getTransactionByHash

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex","params":["0x9c47cf", "0x24"],"id":1}'

Matokeo tazama eth_getTransactionByHash

eth_getTransactionReceipt

Hurejesha stakabadhi ya muamala kwa heshi ya muamala.

Kumbuka Kwamba stakabadhi haipatikani kwa miamala inayosubiri.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya muamala

params: ["0x85d995eba9763907fdf35cd2034144dd9d53ce32cbec21349d4b12823c6860c5"]

Hurejesha Object - Kipengee cha stakabadhi ya muamala, au null wakati hakuna stakabadhi iliyopatikana:

• transactionHash : DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya muamala.
• transactionIndex: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya nafasi ya faharisi ya miamala katika kitalu.
• blockHash: DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu ambapo muamala huu ulikuwepo.
• blockNumber: QUANTITY - nambari ya kitalu ambapo muamala huu ulikuwepo.
• from: DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ya mtumaji.
• to: DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ya mpokeaji. null wakati ni muamala wa uundaji mkataba.
• cumulativeGasUsed : QUANTITY - Jumla ya kiasi cha gesi iliyotumika wakati muamala huu ulipotekelezwa katika kitalu.
• effectiveGasPrice : QUANTITY - Jumla ya ada ya msingi na ada ya kipaumbele iliyolipwa kwa kila uniti ya gesi.
• gasUsed : QUANTITY - Kiasi cha gesi iliyotumika na muamala huu mahususi pekee.
• contractAddress : DATA, Baiti 20 - Anwani ya mkataba iliyoundwa, ikiwa muamala ulikuwa uundaji wa mkataba, vinginevyo null.
• logs: Array - Safu ya vipengee vya logi, ambavyo muamala huu ulizalisha.
• logsBloom: DATA, Baiti 256 - Kichujio cha Bloom kwa wateja wepesi ili kupata haraka logi zinazohusiana.
• type: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya aina ya muamala, 0x0 kwa miamala ya zamani, 0x1 kwa aina za orodha ya ufikiaji, 0x2 kwa ada zinazobadilika.

Pia inarejesha mojawapo ya :

• root : DATA Baiti 32 za mzizi wa hali ya baada ya muamala (kabla ya Bizantiamu)
• status: QUANTITY ama 1 (mafanikio) au 0 (kushindwa)

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getTransactionReceipt","params":["0x85d995eba9763907fdf35cd2034144dd9d53ce32cbec21349d4b12823c6860c5"],"id":1}'
// Result
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "blockHash":
      "0xa957d47df264a31badc3ae823e10ac1d444b098d9b73d204c40426e57f47e8c3",
    "blockNumber": "0xeff35f",
    "contractAddress": null, // string of the address if it was created
    "cumulativeGasUsed": "0xa12515",
    "effectiveGasPrice": "0x5a9c688d4",
    "from": "0x6221a9c005f6e47eb398fd867784cacfdcfff4e7",
    "gasUsed": "0xb4c8",
    "logs": [{
      // logs as returned by getFilterLogs, etc.
    }],
    "logsBloom": "0x00...0", // 256 byte bloom filter
    "status": "0x1",
    "to": "0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2",
    "transactionHash":
      "0x85d995eba9763907fdf35cd2034144dd9d53ce32cbec21349d4b12823c6860c5",
    "transactionIndex": "0x66",
    "type": "0x2"
  }
}

eth_getUncleByBlockHashAndIndex

Hurejesha taarifa kuhusu mjomba wa kitalu kwa heshi na nafasi ya faharisi ya mjomba.

Vigezo

1. DATA, Baiti 32 - Heshi ya kitalu.
2. QUANTITY - Nafasi ya faharisi ya mjomba.

params: [
  "0x1d59ff54b1eb26b013ce3cb5fc9dab3705b415a67127a003c3e61eb445bb8df2",
  "0x0", // 0
]

Hurejesha Tazama eth_getBlockByHash

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getUncleByBlockHashAndIndex","params":["0x1d59ff54b1eb26b013ce3cb5fc9dab3705b415a67127a003c3e61eb445bb8df2", "0x0"],"id":1}'

Kwa matokeo tazama eth_getBlockByHash

Kumbuka: Mjomba hauna miamala mmojammoja.

eth_getUncleByBlockNumberAndIndex

Hurejesha maelezo kuhusu mjomba wa kitalu kwa nambari na nafasi ya faharisi ya mjomba.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY|TAG - nambari ya kitalu, au mfuatano "earliest", "latest", "pending", "safe", "finalized", kama ilivyo katika kigezo cha kitalu.
2. QUANTITY - nafasi ya faharisi ya mjomba.

params: [
  "0x29c", // 668
  "0x0", // 0
]

Hurejesha Tazama eth_getBlockByHash

Kumbuka: Mjomba hana miamala ya kibinafsi.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getUncleByBlockNumberAndIndex","params":["0x29c", "0x0"],"id":1}'

Kwa matokeo tazama eth_getBlockByHash

eth_newFilter

Huunda kipengee cha kichujio, kulingana na chaguo za kichujio, ili kuarifu wakati hali inabadilika (logi). Ili kuangalia ikiwa hali imebadilika, piga eth_getFilterChanges.

Dokezo kuhusu kubainisha vichujio vya mada: Mada hutegemea mpangilio. Muamala ulio na logi yenye mada [A, B] utalinganishwa na vichujio vifuatavyo vya mada:

• [] "chochote"
• [A] "A katika nafasi ya kwanza (na chochote kinachofuata)"
• [null, B] "chochote katika nafasi ya kwanza NA B katika nafasi ya pili (na chochote kinachofuata)"
• [A, B] "A katika nafasi ya kwanza NA B katika nafasi ya pili (na chochote kinachofuata)"
• [[A, B], [A, B]] "(A AU B) katika nafasi ya kwanza NA (A AU B) katika nafasi ya pili (na chochote kinachofuata)"
• Vigezo

1. Object - Chaguo za kichujio:

• fromBlock: QUANTITY|TAG - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: "latest") Nambari kamili ya kitalu, au "latest" kwa kitalu cha mwisho kilichopendekezwa, "safe" kwa kitalu salama cha hivi punde, "finalized" kwa kitalu cha hivi punde kilichokamilishwa, au "pending", "earliest" kwa miamala ambayo bado haipo kwenye kitalu.
• toBlock: QUANTITY|TAG - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: "latest") Nambari kamili ya kitalu, au "latest" kwa kitalu cha mwisho kilichopendekezwa, "safe" kwa kitalu salama cha hivi punde, "finalized" kwa kitalu cha hivi punde kilichokamilishwa, au "pending", "earliest" kwa miamala ambayo bado haipo kwenye kitalu.
• address: DATA|Array, Baiti 20 - (si lazima) Anwani ya mkataba au orodha ya anwani ambazo logi zinapaswa kutoka.
• topics: Array of DATA, - (si lazima) Safu ya Baiti 32 DATA mada. Mada hutegemea mpangilio. Kila mada inaweza pia kuwa safu ya DATA yenye chaguo za "au".

params: [
  {
    fromBlock: "0x1",
    toBlock: "0x2",
    address: "0x8888f1f195afa192cfee860698584c030f4c9db1",
    topics: [
      "0x000000000000000000000000a94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b",
      null,
      [
        "0x000000000000000000000000a94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b",
        "0x0000000000000000000000000aff3454fce5edbc8cca8697c15331677e6ebccc",
      ],
    ],
  },
]

Inarejesha QUANTITY - Kitambulisho cha kichujio.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_newFilter","params":[{"topics":["0x12341234"]}],"id":73}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": "0x1" // 1
}

eth_newBlockFilter

Huunda kichujio katika nodi, ili kutoa arifa wakati kitalu kipya kinapowasili. Ili kuangalia ikiwa hali imebadilika, ita eth_getFilterChanges.

Vigezo Hakuna

Inarejesha QUANTITY - Kitambulisho cha kichujio.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_newBlockFilter","params":[],"id":73}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc":  "2.0",
  "result": "0x1" // 1
}

eth_newPendingTransactionFilter

Huunda kichujio katika nodi, ili kutoa arifa wakati miamala mipya inayosubiri inapowasili. Ili kuangalia ikiwa hali imebadilika, ita eth_getFilterChanges.

Vigezo Hakuna

Inarejesha QUANTITY - Kitambulisho cha kichujio.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_newPendingTransactionFilter","params":[],"id":73}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc":  "2.0",
  "result": "0x1" // 1
}

eth_uninstallFilter

Huondoa kichujio chenye kitambulisho kilichotolewa. Inapaswa kuitwa kila wakati uangalizi hauhitajiki tena. Zaidi ya hayo, Vichujio huisha muda wake visipoombwa na eth_getFilterChanges kwa muda fulani.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY - Kitambulisho cha kichujio.

params: [
  "0xb", // 11
]

Inarejesha Boolean - true ikiwa kichujio kiliondolewa kikamilifu, vinginevyo false.

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_uninstallFilter","params":["0xb"],"id":73}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": true
}

eth_getFilterChanges

Mbinu ya kuchunguza kichujio, ambayo hurejesha safu ya logi zilizotokea tangu uchunguzi wa mwisho.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY - kitambulisho cha kichujio.

params: [
  "0x16", // 22
]

Inarejesha Array - Safu ya vipengee vya logi, au safu tupu ikiwa hakuna kilichobadilika tangu uchunguzi wa mwisho.

• Kwa vichujio vilivyoundwa na eth_newBlockFilter kinachorejeshwa ni heshi za kitalu (DATA, Baiti 32), k.m., ["0x3454645634534..."].

• Kwa vichujio vilivyoundwa na eth_newPendingTransactionFilter kinachorejeshwa ni heshi za muamala (DATA, Baiti 32), k.m., ["0x6345343454645..."].

• Kwa vichujio vilivyoundwa na eth_newFilter logi ni vipengee vyenye vigezo vifuatavyo:

  • removed: TAG - true wakati logi ilipoondolewa, kutokana na upangaji upya wa mnyororo. false ikiwa ni logi halali.
  • logIndex: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya nafasi ya faharisi ya logi katika kitalu. null wakati ni logi inayosubiri.
  • transactionIndex: QUANTITY - nambari kamili ya nafasi ya faharisi ya miamala ambapo logi iliundwa. null wakati ni logi inayosubiri.
  • transactionHash: DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya miamala ambapo logi hii iliundwa. null wakati ni logi inayosubiri.
  • blockHash: DATA, Baiti 32 - heshi ya kitalu ambapo logi hii ilikuwepo. null wakati inasubiri. null wakati ni logi inayosubiri.
  • blockNumber: QUANTITY - nambari ya kitalu ambapo logi hii ilikuwepo. null wakati inasubiri. null wakati ni logi inayosubiri.
  • address: DATA, Baiti 20 - anwani ambapo logi hii ilitoka.
  • data: DATA - data ya logi isiyo na faharisi yenye urefu unaobadilika. (Katika Solidity: hoja sifuri au zaidi za logi zisizo na faharisi za Baiti 32.)
  • topics: Array of DATA - Safu ya 0 hadi 4 ya Baiti 32 DATA za hoja za logi zenye faharisi. (Katika Solidity: Mada ya kwanza ni heshi ya sahihi ya tukio (k.m., Deposit(address,bytes32,uint256)), isipokuwa ulitangaza tukio kwa kibainishi cha anonymous.)

• Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getFilterChanges","params":["0x16"],"id":73}'
// Result
{
  "id":1,
  "jsonrpc":"2.0",
  "result": [{
    "logIndex": "0x1", // 1
    "blockNumber":"0x1b4", // 436
    "blockHash": "0x8216c5785ac562ff41e2dcfdf5785ac562ff41e2dcfdf829c5a142f1fccd7d",
    "transactionHash":  "0xdf829c5a142f1fccd7d8216c5785ac562ff41e2dcfdf5785ac562ff41e2dcf",
    "transactionIndex": "0x0", // 0
    "address": "0x16c5785ac562ff41e2dcfdf829c5a142f1fccd7d",
    "data":"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "topics": ["0x59ebeb90bc63057b6515673c3ecf9438e5058bca0f92585014eced636878c9a5"]
    },{
      ...
    }]
}

eth_getFilterLogs

Hurejesha safu ya logi zote zinazolingana na kichujio chenye id iliyotolewa.

Vigezo

1. QUANTITY - Id ya kichujio.

params: [
  "0x16", // 22
]

Hurejesha Tazama eth_getFilterChanges

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getFilterLogs","params":["0x16"],"id":74}'

Matokeo tazama eth_getFilterChanges

eth_getLogs

Hurejesha safu ya logi zote zinazolingana na kipengee cha kichujio kilichotolewa.

Vigezo

1. Object - Chaguo za kichujio:

• fromBlock: QUANTITY|TAG - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: "latest") Nambari kamili ya kitalu, au "latest" kwa kitalu cha mwisho kilichopendekezwa, "safe" kwa kitalu salama cha hivi punde, "finalized" kwa kitalu cha hivi punde kilichokamilishwa, au "pending", "earliest" kwa miamala ambayo bado haipo kwenye kitalu.
• toBlock: QUANTITY|TAG - (si lazima, chaguo-msingi: "latest") Nambari kamili ya kitalu, au "latest" kwa kitalu cha mwisho kilichopendekezwa, "safe" kwa kitalu salama cha hivi punde, "finalized" kwa kitalu cha hivi punde kilichokamilishwa, au "pending", "earliest" kwa miamala ambayo bado haipo kwenye kitalu.
• address: DATA|Array, Baiti 20 - (si lazima) Anwani ya mkataba au orodha ya anwani ambazo logi zinapaswa kutoka.
• topics: Array of DATA, - (si lazima) Safu ya mada za DATA za Baiti 32. Mada zinategemea mpangilio. Kila mada inaweza pia kuwa safu ya DATA yenye chaguo za "au".
• blockHash: DATA, Baiti 32 - (si lazima, ya baadaye) Pamoja na nyongeza ya EIP-234, blockHash itakuwa chaguo jipya la kichujio ambalo huzuia logi zinazorejeshwa kwenye kitalu kimoja chenye heshi ya baiti 32 blockHash. Kutumia blockHash ni sawa na fromBlock = toBlock = nambari ya kitalu yenye heshi blockHash. Ikiwa blockHash ipo kwenye vigezo vya kichujio, basi fromBlock wala toBlock haziruhusiwi.

params: [
  {
    topics: [
      "0x000000000000000000000000a94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b",
    ],
  },
]

Hurejesha Tazama eth_getFilterChanges

Mfano

// Request
curl -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getLogs","params":[{"topics":["0x000000000000000000000000a94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b"]}],"id":74}'

Kwa matokeo tazama eth_getFilterChanges

Mfano wa Matumizi

Kusambaza mkataba kwa kutumia JSON_RPC

Sehemu hii inajumuisha onyesho la jinsi ya kusambaza mkataba kwa kutumia kiolesura cha RPC pekee. Kuna njia mbadala za kusambaza mikataba ambapo ugumu huu unafichwa—kwa mfano, kutumia maktaba zilizojengwa juu ya kiolesura cha RPC kama vile web3.js (opens in a new tab) na web3.py (opens in a new tab). Ufichaji huu kwa ujumla ni rahisi kueleweka na hauna uwezekano mkubwa wa makosa, lakini bado ni muhimu kuelewa jinsi inavyofanya kazi kiufundi.

Ufuatao ni mkataba mahiri wa moja kwa moja unaoitwa Multiply7 ambao utasambazwa kwa kutumia kiolesura cha JSON-RPC kwenye nodi ya Ethereum. Mafunzo haya yanachukulia kuwa msomaji tayari anaendesha nodi ya Geth. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu nodi na wateja yanapatikana hapa. Tafadhali rejelea nyaraka za kila kiteja ili kuona jinsi ya kuanzisha HTTP JSON-RPC kwa viteja ambavyo si vya Geth. Viteja vingi kwa chaguo-msingi huhudumia kwenye localhost:8545.

contract Multiply7 {
    event Print(uint);
    function multiply(uint input) returns (uint) {
        Print(input * 7);
        return input * 7;
    }
}

Jambo la kwanza kufanya ni kuhakikisha kiolesura cha HTTP RPC kimewezeshwa. Hii inamaanisha tunaipa Geth alama ya --http wakati wa kuanza. Katika mfano huu tunatumia nodi ya Geth kwenye mnyororo wa kibinafsi wa maendeleo. Kwa kutumia mbinu hii hatuhitaji Etha kwenye mtandao halisi.

geth --http --dev console 2>>geth.log

Hii itaanzisha kiolesura cha HTTP RPC kwenye http://localhost:8545.

Tunaweza kuthibitisha kuwa kiolesura kinafanya kazi kwa kupata anwani ya Coinbase (kwa kupata anwani ya kwanza kutoka kwenye orodha ya akaunti) na salio kwa kutumia curl (opens in a new tab). Tafadhali kumbuka kuwa data katika mifano hii itatofautiana kwenye nodi yako ya ndani. Ikiwa unataka kujaribu amri hizi, badilisha vigezo vya ombi katika ombi la pili la curl na matokeo yaliyorejeshwa kutoka kwa la kwanza.

curl --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_accounts","params":[], "id":1}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" localhost:8545
{"id":1,"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":["0x9b1d35635cc34752ca54713bb99d38614f63c955"]}

curl --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getBalance", "params": ["0x9b1d35635cc34752ca54713bb99d38614f63c955", "latest"], "id":2}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" localhost:8545
{"id":2,"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"0x1639e49bba16280000"}

Kwa sababu nambari zimesimbwa kwa heksadesimali, salio hurejeshwa katika Wei kama mfuatano wa heksadesimali. Ikiwa tunataka kuwa na salio katika Etha kama nambari tunaweza kutumia web3 kutoka kwenye kiweko cha Geth.

web3.fromWei("0x1639e49bba16280000", "ether")
// "410"

Kwa kuwa sasa kuna Etha kwenye mnyororo wetu wa kibinafsi wa maendeleo, tunaweza kusambaza mkataba. Hatua ya kwanza ni kukusanya mkataba wa Multiply7 kuwa msimbo wa baiti ambao unaweza kutumwa kwa EVM. Ili kusakinisha solc, kikusanyaji cha Solidity, fuata nyaraka za Solidity (opens in a new tab). (Unaweza kutaka kutumia toleo la zamani la solc ili lilingane na toleo la kikusanyaji lililotumika kwa mfano wetu (opens in a new tab).)

Hatua inayofuata ni kukusanya mkataba wa Multiply7 kuwa msimbo wa baiti ambao unaweza kutumwa kwa EVM.

echo 'pragma solidity ^0.4.16; contract Multiply7 { event Print(uint); function multiply(uint input) public returns (uint) { Print(input * 7); return input * 7; } }' | solc --bin

======= <stdin>:Multiply7 =======
Binary:
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

Kwa kuwa sasa tuna msimbo uliokusanywa tunahitaji kubaini ni kiasi gani cha gesi kinagharimu kuusambaza. Kiolesura cha RPC kina mbinu ya eth_estimateGas ambayo itatupa makadirio.

curl --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method": "eth_estimateGas", "params": [{"from": "0x9b1d35635cc34752ca54713bb99d38614f63c955", "data": "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"}], "id": 5}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" localhost:8545
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":5,"result":"0x1c31e"}

Na hatimaye kusambaza mkataba.

curl --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method": "eth_sendTransaction", "params": [{"from": "0x9b1d35635cc34752ca54713bb99d38614f63c955", "gas": "0x1c31e", "data": "0x6060604052341561000f57600080fd5b60eb8061001d6000396000f300606060405260043610603f576000357c0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000900463ffffffff168063c6888fa1146044575b600080fd5b3415604e57600080fd5b606260048080359060200190919050506078565b6040518082815260200191505060405180910390f35b60007f24abdb5865df5079dcc5ac590ff6f01d5c16edbc5fab4e195d9febd1114503da600783026040518082815260200191505060405180910390a16007820290509190505600a165627a7a7230582040383f19d9f65246752244189b02f56e8d0980ed44e7a56c0b200458caad20bb0029"}], "id": 6}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" localhost:8545
{"id":6,"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"0xe1f3095770633ab2b18081658bad475439f6a08c902d0915903bafff06e6febf"}

Muamala unakubaliwa na nodi na heshi ya muamala inarejeshwa. Heshi hii inaweza kutumika kufuatilia muamala. Hatua inayofuata ni kubaini anwani ambapo mkataba wetu umesambazwa. Kila muamala uliotekelezwa utaunda stakabadhi. Stakabadhi hii ina taarifa mbalimbali kuhusu muamala kama vile muamala ulijumuishwa katika kitalu kipi na ni kiasi gani cha gesi kilitumiwa na EVM. Ikiwa muamala unaunda mkataba pia utakuwa na anwani ya mkataba. Tunaweza kupata stakabadhi kwa kutumia mbinu ya RPC ya eth_getTransactionReceipt.

curl --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method": "eth_getTransactionReceipt", "params": ["0xe1f3095770633ab2b18081658bad475439f6a08c902d0915903bafff06e6febf"], "id": 7}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" localhost:8545
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":7,"result":{"blockHash":"0x77b1a4f6872b9066312de3744f60020cbd8102af68b1f6512a05b7619d527a4f","blockNumber":"0x1","contractAddress":"0x4d03d617d700cf81935d7f797f4e2ae719648262","cumulativeGasUsed":"0x1c31e","from":"0x9b1d35635cc34752ca54713bb99d38614f63c955","gasUsed":"0x1c31e","logs":[],"logsBloom":"0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000","status":"0x1","to":null,"transactionHash":"0xe1f3095770633ab2b18081658bad475439f6a08c902d0915903bafff06e6febf","transactionIndex":"0x0"}}

Mkataba wetu uliundwa kwenye 0x4d03d617d700cf81935d7f797f4e2ae719648262. Matokeo tupu badala ya stakabadhi inamaanisha muamala haujajumuishwa kwenye kitalu bado. Subiri kwa muda na uangalie ikiwa mteja wa mwafaka wako unafanya kazi na ujaribu tena.

Kuingiliana na mikataba mahiri

Katika mfano huu tutakuwa tunatuma muamala kwa kutumia eth_sendTransaction kwenye mbinu ya multiply ya mkataba.

eth_sendTransaction inahitaji hoja kadhaa, haswa from, to na data. From ni anwani ya umma ya akaunti yetu, na to ni anwani ya mkataba. Hoja ya data ina mzigo unaofafanua ni mbinu gani lazima iitwe na kwa hoja zipi. Hapa ndipo ABI (kiolesura cha mfumo wa jozi cha programu) (opens in a new tab) inapotumika. ABI ni faili la JSON ambalo linafafanua jinsi ya kufafanua na kusimba data kwa ajili ya EVM.

Baiti za mzigo hufafanua ni mbinu gani katika mkataba inaitwa. Hizi ni baiti 4 za kwanza kutoka kwenye heshi ya Keccak juu ya jina la utendakazi na aina zake za hoja, zilizosimbwa kwa heksadesimali. Utendakazi wa kuzidisha unakubali uint ambayo ni jina mbadala la uint256. Hii inatuacha na:

web3.sha3("multiply(uint256)").substring(0, 10)
// "0xc6888fa1"

Hatua inayofuata ni kusimba hoja. Kuna uint256 moja tu, tuseme, thamani ya 6. ABI ina sehemu inayobainisha jinsi ya kusimba aina za uint256.

int<M>: enc(X) ni usimbaji wa kianzia-kikubwa wa kikamilisho cha mbili cha X, kilichojazwa upande wa mpangilio wa juu (kushoto) na 0xff kwa X hasi na kwa baiti > sifuri kwa X chanya ili urefu uwe kizidisho cha baiti 32.

Hii inasimbwa kuwa 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006.

Kwa kuchanganya kiteuzi cha utendakazi na hoja iliyosimbwa data yetu itakuwa 0xc6888fa10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006.

Hii sasa inaweza kutumwa kwa nodi:

curl --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method": "eth_sendTransaction", "params": [{"from": "0xeb85a5557e5bdc18ee1934a89d8bb402398ee26a", "to": "0x6ff93b4b46b41c0c3c9baee01c255d3b4675963d", "data": "0xc6888fa10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006"}], "id": 8}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" localhost:8545
{"id":8,"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"0x759cf065cbc22e9d779748dc53763854e5376eea07409e590c990eafc0869d74"}

Kwa kuwa muamala ulitumwa, heshi ya muamala ilirejeshwa. Kupata stakabadhi kunatoa:

{
   blockHash: "0xbf0a347307b8c63dd8c1d3d7cbdc0b463e6e7c9bf0a35be40393588242f01d55",
   blockNumber: 268,
   contractAddress: null,
   cumulativeGasUsed: 22631,
   gasUsed: 22631,
   logs: [{
      address: "0x6ff93b4b46b41c0c3c9baee01c255d3b4675963d",
      blockHash: "0xbf0a347307b8c63dd8c1d3d7cbdc0b463e6e7c9bf0a35be40393588242f01d55",
      blockNumber: 268,
      data: "0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002a",
      logIndex: 0,
      topics: ["0x24abdb5865df5079dcc5ac590ff6f01d5c16edbc5fab4e195d9febd1114503da"],
      transactionHash: "0x759cf065cbc22e9d779748dc53763854e5376eea07409e590c990eafc0869d74",
      transactionIndex: 0
  }],
  transactionHash: "0x759cf065cbc22e9d779748dc53763854e5376eea07409e590c990eafc0869d74",
  transactionIndex: 0
}

Stakabadhi ina logi. Logi hii ilizalishwa na EVM wakati wa utekelezaji wa muamala na kujumuishwa kwenye stakabadhi. Utendakazi wa multiply unaonyesha kuwa tukio la Print liliibuliwa na ingizo mara 7. Kwa kuwa hoja ya tukio la Print ilikuwa uint256 tunaweza kuisimbua kulingana na sheria za ABI ambazo zitatupa desimali 42 inayotarajiwa. Mbali na data inafaa kuzingatia kuwa mada zinaweza kutumika kubaini ni tukio gani liliunda logi:

web3.sha3("Print(uint256)")
// "24abdb5865df5079dcc5ac590ff6f01d5c16edbc5fab4e195d9febd1114503da"

Huu ulikuwa utangulizi mfupi tu wa baadhi ya kazi za kawaida, ukionyesha matumizi ya moja kwa moja ya JSON-RPC.

Mada zinazohusiana

• Uainisho wa JSON-RPC (opens in a new tab)
• Nodi na viteja
• API za JavaScript
• API za Backend
• Viteja vya utekelezaji